Psychological Research into Individual Differences in...

Psychological Research into Individual Differences in Attachment An attachment is a close relationship between two persons, characterised by mutual affection and a desire to maintain proximity (Schaffer 1993). When you are attached to someone, you enjoy their company and are distressed when they are not there. The most common attachment researched is between a baby and its caregiver. Ainsworth et al (1978) researched secure and insecure attachments using the Strange Situation. This was to research individual in attachment and to see what types of attachment were formed between the mother and baby. One year old babies were observed during seven episodes to find evidence of separation protest†¦show more content†¦The child behaved indifferently towards the mother and stranger and avoided the mother when she returned. They could be comforted by the stranger. They only showed distress when they were left in the room by themselves. This showed that the mothers sensitivity in an essential factor to determine the strength of the childs attachment. The more sensitive a mother is towards her childs needs the more secure the child is attached. The less sensitive a mother is, the more insecure her child would be (either anxious-avoidant or anxious-resistant). The positive criticisms for Ainsworths study was said to be an important study in the history of attachment research, and that several more recent studies have shown that parental sensitivity causes attachment security. The negative criticisms for this research was that it a highly artificial and lacked ecological validity. Also, the attachment type couldnt happen if it was a fixed characteristic of the child. This is because if the family circumstances changed, then the attachment style would also change. Attachments are a feature to a unique relationship and could be different between a mother and her child, and a father and his child. The final criticism for this study was that it was very unethical for psychologists toShow MoreRelatedMonsters On The Brain : An Evolutionary Epistemology Of Horror Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesAinsworth, Mary D. Bell, Silvia M. (1970) Attachment, exploration, and separation: Illustrated by the behavior of one-year-olds in a strange situation. Child Development, 41(1), pp. 49-67. Doi: 10.2307/1127388 Asma, S. T. (2014). Monsters on the brain: An evolutionary epistemology of horror. Social Research, 81(4), 941-968. Belsky, J., Steinberg, L., Draper, P. (1991). Childhood eExperience, iInterpersonal dDevelopment, and rReproductive sStrategy: An eEvolutionary tTheory of sSocializationRead MoreInfant Attachment Styles and General Anxiety Disorder in Adults1373 Words   |  6 PagesInfant Attachment styles and general anxiety disorder in adults Purpose The purpose of this study is to look at the relationship between infant attachment styles and psychological wellbeing, with general anxiety as a measure of psychological wellbeing. This study will use an adult sample that will go through psychological tests to determine what attachment style each individual had when they were infants. After establishing their attachment styles their general anxiety levels will be testedRead MoreSample Undergraduate Psychology Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesIt was graded at 60% (A 2.1) and the bibliography is missing! Drawing on Freudian and Attachment Theories assess the Relationship between early years experiences and criminality. Psychological theories have attempted to explain the reasons for and how criminality occurs. The psychoanalytic perspective involves two major theories - Freuds theory of the Sexual Stages of Development and the Theory of Attachment purposed by Bowlby (1947). These theories conclude that there is an association betweenRead MoreThe Facebook Self : Characteristics And Psychological Predictors Of False Self Presentation On Facebook Essay1432 Words   |  6 Pages The journal that I am critiquing is called, â€Å"The Facebook-self: characteristics and psychological predictors of false self-presentation on Facebook,† and the main purpose and goal of the study is to argue and demonstrate that the use of Facebook can also be associated with other psychological problems, beyond addiction. It specifically suggests that the use of Facebook, and perhaps other social media sites, can promote false presentation of the self. False self-presentations are presumed toRead More The Develo pment of Attachment Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagesknown as attachment theory. John Bowlby, the creator of this theory, wanted to examine how early childhood experiences influence personality development. Attachment theory specifically examines infant’s reactions to being separated from their primary caregiver. Bowlby hypothesized that the differences in how children react to these situations demonstrates basic behavioral differences in infancy that will have consequences for later social and emotional development. To study attachment theoryRead MoreThe Change Of Children Away From Their Caregivers.it1330 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay includes; the maturational change of children away from their caregivers.It also shows how risks of particular environments can influence a child’s facility to adapt,how children can be an active contributor to society based on their differences or similarities which promotes their attitudes and beliefs. Finally,how negative emotions can be accessible due to internal and external sources, which can make resilience and maturity even more important as they change and develop further throughoutRead MoreThe Making Of Darth Vader : Parent Child Care And The Dark Triad1171 Words   |  5 Pagesapproach to life, captured by the Dark Triad, orienting individuals towards seeking immediate returns in mating ( Jonason, Valentine, Li, Harbeson, 2011) and social relationships ( Jonason Webster, 2012). In addition, according to (Del Giudice Belsky, 2010), parents have a profound effect on children; potentially generating different patterns of attachment (Barthlomew Horowitz, 1991). The types of attachment includes secure attachment, which is thought to result from a positive and affirmingRead MoreAdult And Early Intimate Partner Violence1586 Words   |  7 Pageswill begin with a brief overview of attachment theory in adults and early intimate partner violence (IPV) research. After discussing this I will evaluate more research on different topics related to issues raised previously which include controlled studies, female violence, homosexual violence, the role of the victim and finally predictive research. These topics are the focus of this essays understanding of the different ways in which we understand IPV. Attachment theory was originally proposed byRead More1. Introduction. The Term Suicide-Related Behaviour (Srb)1521 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction The term suicide-related behaviour (SRB) broadly defines any injurious behavior inflicted upon oneself that is intended to cause harm (Silverman et al., 2007a). When looking at the research exploring the wide variability of SRB’s presentation, the literature is marked by inconsistent views and nomenclature (Silverman et al., 2007b). Still, SRB can be broadly subdivided according to the distinct motivation and intent to die, into two main subtypes: self harm (SH), also called self-mutilationRead MoreRelation: Infant Mother Attachment and Eating Disorders1510 Words   |  7 Pagespurpose of this paper is to correlate the links between infant mother attachment and eating disorder behavior. Throughout this paper the two main theorists that are looked at are Mary S. Ainsworth and John Bowlby. Mary S. Ainsworth’s framework of attachment theory began in Uganda, while studying individual difference in infant behavior, which is known as the Strange Situation. John Bowlby coin ed the theory of infant mother attachment based on object relations psychoanalytical theory and the conceptualization